Canines have been used to locate and discriminate between domestic and endangered mammals and birds ; find scat of rare animal species such as various bear Ursus species ; track and locate foxes, coyotes, tigers, and ringed seals (Phoca hispida) ; find invasive brown tree snakes (Boiga irregularis) in cargo ; and identify dairy domestic cattle in estrus (36). Canines have also been used to locate a number of invertebrate pests, including the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, that causes severe damage on date palms ; egg masses of gypsy moths, Porthetria dispa, which damages tree crops, forests, and urban trees ; eastern subterranean termites, Reticulitermes flavipes, and western subterranean termites, Reticulitermes hesperus ; screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax, in animal wounds ; and bedbug, Cimex lectularius, infestations in residences, hotels, and dormitories (30).

 Epidemiological models indicated that dogs were more effective
and economical than current early detection methods for sustainable disease control.

L’extraordinaire capacité de détection de l’odorat canin accurency > 99% et surtout son coût dérisoire par rapport aux analyses moléculaires remettent au goût du jour des pratiques non académiques capables d’anticiper l’arrivée d’une infestation.

 On en vient à imaginer un couplage avec le piégeage massif qui permettrait peut-être une protection 100 % biologique des palmeraies.